Types of trains
Introduction :
The train has gone through many, many stages of development over the years until it reached us with this picture that we see on it now, and we will review the most important stages of train development throughout history.
1- Steam train:
In the 1800's, steam power powered factories and machines. The first man to think of using steam power on transmission lines was Ralph Allan. Unfortunately, his attempt to move a steam locomotive on the lines ended in nothing. 2- Richard Trevithick 1804 In 1804 the Englishman Richard Trevithick put his first locomotive on rails in South Wales./This was the first time that a successful combination of railroads and steam trains had occurred in the world./The locomotive during trials ran on flanged rails. And she was dragging ten tons of iron, and seventy passengers for a distance of 14 kilometers. 3- George Stephenson 1814 The British engineer George Stephenson built his first locomotive called "Blücher", which included several improvements in the design of the steam engine, and a year later another locomotive was built and it ran on the lines of the Killingworth mines to transport coal from the exits of the tunnels to the river shore, where it was transported by barges. This locomotive served as the basis for every steam locomotive built since then 4- Stevenson 1825 Stephenson built a railway linking Stockton and Darlington, and from there to Sheldon, a distance of about 40 kilometers long. Transporting coal and goods at an average speed of 6-10 kilometers per hour, then the locomotive was provided with vehicles to transport passengers.
2- The electric train:
The first successful application of the electric train was in Berlin in 1879 AD, but it was only used in major cities, then the city of Ohio used the electric train to avoid smoke and noise problems in 1895 AD, then Italy followed it by opening a mainline for the electric train in 1902 AD Currently, electrified railways have spread around the world until they are 100% operational in Japan, and to a lesser extent in the rest of the world, and electrified railway systems have been established for rapid transit in cities all over the world.
3 - Magnetic train:
Or what is known for short as "Maglev", which is an acronym for Magnetic levitation, a train that works by the force of magnetic levitation.
That is, it depends on its work on magnets, as it does not contain mechanical motors and does not run on iron rails. It floats in the air, relying on a magnetic cushion that creates strong electromagnetic fields. These trains have a high speed of up to 550 km / h, (theoretically, it can It has a speed of 1700 km (hr.
The Magnetic Rail is the first fundamental innovation in railway construction technology since the first trains, and it is the first railway system to move forward without the need for wheels and axles and thus without friction. In other words, mechanical technology abandons its place in favor of electronic technology.
4- Al-Buraq (High-Speed Train):
It is a high-speed train, considered the second fastest train in the world in 2019 at a speed of 320 km/h. It is operated by the National Railways Office, and it connects Tangiers and Casablanca, passing through Kenitra and Rabat. Its speed is 320 km/h between Tangiers and Kenitra and then drops to 160 km/h between Kenitra and Casablanca. Al-Buraq is the first high-speed train in Africa. It was officially launched on November 15, 2018.
Since its launch, Al-Buraq has made a significant change in the rail transport sector in Morocco, thanks to its speed, comfort, and travel experience. According to the statistics of the National Railways Office, the number of passengers using Al-Buraq trains reached 3 million passengers until the year 2019
تعليقات
إرسال تعليق